Health Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation

The U.S. EPA Aging Initiative has issued a new fact sheet “Health Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation” intended for older adults and their caregivers.  The factsheet describes how ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays a role in the development of age-related macular degeneration and skin cancer.  UV radiation is released by the sun or artificial sources such as tanning beds or sun lamps.  UV rays cannot be seen or felt but can cause skin and eye damage any season of the year — even on cool or cloudy days. Overexposure to UV radiation may contribute to the onset of AMD, although it is not the primary cause. Exposure to UV rays can also increase the risk of developing cataracts.

Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States.  More people were diagnosed with skin cancer in 2008 than with breast, prostate, lung and colon cancer combined. About one in five Americans will develop skin cancer during their lifetime.  Overexposure to UV radiation may suppress proper functioning of the body’s immune system and skin’s natural defenses.  All people, regardless of skin color, can be vulnerable to effects including impaired response to immunizations, increased sensitivity to sunlight, and reactions to certain medications.

Sun Safety Tips

- Do not burn — overexposure to the sun is the most preventable risk factor for skin cancer.

- Seek shade and limit your time outdoors, especially between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. when UV radiation is most intense.

- Cover as much skin as possible with a wide brim hat and tightly woven clothing.

- Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 that blocks rays on all exposed skin.

- Check the UV Index, a daily forecast of the amount of UV radiation to reach the Earth’s surface.

- Stay away from tanning booths and sun lamps.

Copies of the fact sheet can be ordered or downloaded at
http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/factsheets/heour/index.htm